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Civilians

Material connected with civilians.

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Are Economic Sanctions Ethical?

Economic sanctions are often presented as a peaceful response to aggression or repression. Their morality depends upon who is harmed, whether the objective is achievable and whether less damaging alternatives exist.

Who Is Responsible for Civilian Deaths in War?

Civilian deaths are often described as accidental or unavoidable. Yet responsibility in war may extend beyond the individual who directly caused the death to commanders, governments and those who created or ignored foreseeable risks.

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